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The advantages of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. for genetic studies are well known, but its diminutive stature and associated low biomass at maturity make it a challenging species for complementary physio- logical and biochemical studies. Hydroponic culture can significantly increase plant growth and produce uniform, stress-free root and shoot material that can be harvested throughout the life span of the plant. However, many shy away from the use of hydro- ponic culture because of the perceived difficulties in set-up and maintenance. Although other methods for the hydroponic culture of Arabidopsis have been reported (Rodecap et al., 1994; Delhaize and Randall, 1995; Hirai et al., 1995), they suffer from various shortcomings, including poor aeration, loss of root material, overcrowding, excess manipulation, and less-than-favorable environmental conditions. In this paper we describe an easy, low-maintenance method of hydroponic culture for Arabidopsis that combines the use of rockwool culture for uniform seedling establishment and a closed system of solution culture for the duration of plant growth. In addition, some consideration is given to temperature and light con- ditions that favor biomass production. The most difficult part of hydroponic culture for Arabidopsis is to rstablish a good root system, be- cause young seedlings are prone to hypoxic stress from water logging. Rockwool (GrodanHP, Agro Dy- namics, East Brunswick, NJ) provides an excellent, well-aerated rooting environment that is a far supe- rior medium for reliable and uniform seedling estab- lishment compared with other media we have tried, including cheesecloth, blue blotter paper, brown ger- mination paper, filter paper, fiberglass matting, agar, and soil- or vermiculite-filled straws. Rockwool is a mixture of igneous rock and limestone that is heated and spun into mats. Even when saturated, rockwool holds about 15% air space.

Maximal Biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana Using a Simple, Low-Maintenance Hydroponic Method and Favorable Environmental Conditions