Open AccessBiosynthesis of the Halogenated Auxin, 4-Chloroindole-3-Acetic Acid
Author(s) -
Nathan D. Tivendale,
Sandra E. Davidson,
Noel W. Davies,
Jason A. Smith,
Marion Dalmais,
Abdelhafid I. Bendahmane,
Laura J. Quittenden,
Lily Sutton,
Raj Kiran Bala,
Christine Le Signor,
Richard Thompson,
James Horne,
James B. Reid,
John J. Ross
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
plant physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.554
H-Index - 312
eISSN - 1532-2548
pISSN - 0032-0889
DOI - 10.1104/pp.112.198457
Subject(s) - auxin , pisum , acetic acid , indole 3 acetic acid , biosynthesis , plant hormone , sativum , tryptophan , biochemistry , mutant , biology , chemistry , botany , enzyme , amino acid , gene
Seeds of several agriculturally important legumes are rich sources of the only halogenated plant hormone, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid. However, the biosynthesis of this auxin is poorly understood. Here, we show that in pea (Pisum sativum) seeds, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid is synthesized via the novel intermediate 4-chloroindole-3-pyruvic acid, which is produced from 4-chlorotryptophan by two aminotransferases, TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED1 and TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED2. We characterize a tar2 mutant, obtained by Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes, the seeds of which contain dramatically reduced 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid levels as they mature. We also show that the widespread auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, is synthesized by a parallel pathway in pea.
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