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Exposing hybrid poplar (Populus maximowizii x trichocarpa) plants to ozone (O3) resulted in an acceleration of the visual symptoms of senescence and a decrease in the activity and quantity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Whole plants, crude leaf extracts, and isolated intact chloroplasts of hybrid poplar clone 245 were used to test the hypothesis that O3-induced structural modifications of Rubisco affect the activity of this key photosynthetic enzyme. Proteolytic activity, per se, could not account for losses in Rubisco; acidic and alkaline protease activities declined or were unaffected in foliage of O3-treated poplar saplings. In vitro treatment of leaf extracts with O3 decreased total Rubisco activity and binding of the enzyme's transition-state analog, 2-carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate. Additionally, O3 increased the loss of Rubisco large subunit (LSU) when extracts were incubated at 37[deg]C. Treatment of isolated intact chloroplasts with O3 accelerated both the loss of the 55-kD Rubisco LSU and the accumulation of Rubisco LSU aggregates, as visualized by immunoblotting. The time-dependent modification in Rubisco structure was the primary response of the isolated organelles to O3 treatment, with little proteolytic degradation of the LSU detected.

Modification of Rubisco and Altered Proteolytic Activity in O3-Stressed Hybrid Poplar (Populus maximowizii x trichocarpa)