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Etchant Anisotropy Controls the Step Bunching Instability in KOH Etching of Silicon
Author(s) -
Simon P. Garcia,
Hailing Bao,
Melissa A. Hines
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
physical review letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.688
H-Index - 673
eISSN - 1079-7114
pISSN - 0031-9007
DOI - 10.1103/physrevlett.93.166102
Subject(s) - vicinal , etching (microfabrication) , materials science , instability , silicon , anisotropy , impurity , kinetic monte carlo , diffusion , chemical physics , deposition (geology) , isotropic etching , surface (topology) , engraving , monte carlo method , molecular physics , nanotechnology , optics , optoelectronics , composite material , chemistry , physics , mechanics , thermodynamics , geometry , mathematics , paleontology , layer (electronics) , statistics , organic chemistry , sediment , biology
STM investigations of vicinal Si(111) surfaces etched in KOH solutions under controlled flow conditions show that step bunching instability is due to inhomogeneities that develop in the etchant as the result of highly step-site-specific etching reactions. Other previously postulated mechanisms for step bunching, including anisotropic surface diffusion, surface strain, and impurity deposition, are conclusively ruled out. The inhomogeneities locally accelerate etching near surface steps. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of this process qualitatively reproduce the observed morphologies.

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