Two-Step Condensation of the Ideal Bose Gas in Highly Anisotropic Traps | Zendy

N. J. van Druten | Zendy; Wolfgang Ketterle | Zendy

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Two-Step Condensation of the Ideal Bose Gas in Highly Anisotropic Traps

Author(s) -

N. J. van Druten,

Wolfgang Ketterle

Publication year - 1997

Publication title -

physical review letters

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 3.688

H-Index - 673

eISSN - 1079-7114

pISSN - 0031-9007

DOI - 10.1103/physrevlett.79.549

Subject(s) - bose gas , condensation , anisotropy , harmonic potential , ideal (ethics) , ideal gas , physics , ground state , bose–einstein condensate , trapping , harmonic , quantum , atom (system on chip) , condensed matter physics , thermodynamics , quantum mechanics , philosophy , epistemology , ecology , biology , computer science , embedded system

The ideal Bose gas in a highly anisotropic harmonic potential is studied. It is found that Bose-Einstein condensation occurs in two distinct steps as the temperature is lowered. In the first step the specific heat shows a sharp feature, but the system still occupies many one-dimensional quantum states. In the second step, at a significantly lower temperature, the ground state becomes macroscopically occupied. It should be possible to verify these predictions using present-day atom traps. The two-step behavior can occur in a rather general class of anisotropic traps, including the box potential

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