Open AccessBeam Loading by Distributed Injection of Electrons in a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator
Author(s) -
Navid Vafaei-Najafabadi,
K. A. Marsh,
C. E. Clayton,
Weiming An,
W. B. Mori,
C. Joshi,
W. Lu,
E. Adli,
S. Corde,
M. Litos,
Shuo Li,
Spencer Gessner,
J. Frederico,
A. Fisher,
Ziran Wu,
D. Walz,
R. J. England,
JeanPierre Delahaye,
C. I. Clarke,
M. J. Hogan,
P. Muggli
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
physical review letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.688
H-Index - 673
eISSN - 1079-7114
pISSN - 0031-9007
DOI - 10.1103/physrevlett.112.025001
Subject(s) - electron , atomic physics , physics , plasma , beam (structure) , cathode ray , thermal emittance , ionization , beam emittance , wake , plasma acceleration , rubidium , relativistic electron beam , ion , materials science , nuclear physics , optics , potassium , metallurgy , quantum mechanics , thermodynamics
We show through experiments and supporting simulations that propagation of a highly relativistic and dense electron bunch through a plasma can lead to distributed injection of electrons, which depletes the accelerating field, i.e., beam loads the wake. The source of the injected electrons is ionization of the second electron of rubidium (Rb II) within the wake. This injection of excess charge is large enough to severely beam load the wake, and thereby reduce the transformer ratio T. The reduction of the average T with increasing beam loading is quantified for the first time by measuring the ratio of peak energy gain and loss of electrons while changing the beam emittance. Simulations show that beam loading by Rb II electrons contributes to the reduction of the peak accelerating field from its weakly loaded value of 43 GV/m to a strongly loaded value of 26 GV/m.© 2014 American Physical Societ
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