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At present, more than 50 000 plant species are used in phytotherapy and medicine. About 2/3 of them are harvested from nature leading to local extinction of many species or degradation of their habitats. Biotechnological methods offer possibilities not only for faster cloning and conservation of the genotype of the plants but for modification of their gene information, regulation, and expression for production of valuable substances in higher amounts or with better properties.  Rhodiola rosea  is an endangered medicinal species with limited distribution. It has outstanding importance for pharmaceutical industry for prevention and cure of cancer, heart and nervous system diseases, and so forth. Despite the great interest in golden root and the wide investigations in the area of phytochemistry, plant biotechnology remained less endeavoured and exploited. The paper presents research on initiation of  in vitro  cultures in  Rhodiola rosea  and some other  Rhodiola species . Achievements in induction of organogenic and callus cultures, regeneration, and micropropagation varied but were a good basis for alternative  in vitro  synthesis of the desired metabolites and for the development of efficient systems for micropropagation for conservation of the species.

The Role of Biotechnology for Conservation and Biologically Active Substances Production ofRhodiola rosea: Endangered Medicinal Species