Open AccessAnoxybacillus karvacharensis sp. nov., a novel thermophilic bacterium isolated from the Karvachar geothermal spring in Nagorno-Karabakh
Author(s) -
Hovik Panosyan,
Armine Margaryan,
NilsKåre Birkeland
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.925
H-Index - 173
eISSN - 1466-5034
pISSN - 1466-5026
DOI - 10.1099/ijsem.0.005035
Subject(s) - thermophile , biology , maltose , raffinose , melibiose , arabinose , 16s ribosomal rna , strain (injury) , fructose , bacteria , xylose , galactose , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , fermentation , sucrose , enzyme , genetics , anatomy
Twelve thermophilic Anoxybacillus strains were isolated from sediment and water samples from a Karvachar hot spring located in the northern part of Nagorno-Karabakh. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, one of the isolates, designated strain K1 T , was studied in detail. The cells are straight, motile rods that are 0.2-0.4×2.3-7.2 µm in size. The strain is a Gram-stain-positive, moderately thermophilic facultative anaerobe with an optimum growth temperature of 60-65 °C and a growth temperature range of 45-70 °C. Growth of strain K1 T was observed at pH 6-11 (optimum, pH 8-9) and was inhibited in the presence of NaCl concentrations above 2.5 % (optimum, 1-1.5 %). The isolate could utilize a wide variety of carbon sources, including d-arabinose, d-ribose, d-galactose, d-fructose, d-mannitol, maltose, aesculin, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, amidone, glycogen, turanose, d-lyxose, d-tagatose, potassium gluconate and 2-keto-gluconate. The strain was able to hydrolyse starch, casein and gelatin, was positive for oxidase and catalase, and reduced nitrate to nitrite, but was negative for H 2 S production. Production of urease and indole was not observed. The major cellular fatty acids were C 15 : 0 iso, C 16 : 0 and C 17 : 0 iso (52.5, 13.6 and 19.6 % of total fatty acids, respectively). Strain K1 T shares >99 % 16S rRNA sequence similarity and a genomic average nucleotide identity value of 94.5 % with its closest relative, Anoxybacillus flavithermus DSM 2641 T , suggesting that it represents a separate and novel species, for which the name Anoxybacillus karvacharensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Anoxybacillus karvacharensis is K1 T (=DSM 106524 T =KCTC 15807 T ).