The composition of cometary ices

The chemical composition of cometary ices provides clues for the conditions of formation and evolution of the early Solar System. A large number of molecules have been identified in cometary atmospheres, from both ground-based observations and space, includingin situ investigations. This includes large organic molecules, which are also observed in star-forming regions. This paper presents a review of molecular abundances measured in cometary atmospheres from remote sensing observations with ground-based and space-based telescopes. The diversity of composition observed in comet populations is presented and discussed.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Cometary science after Rosetta’.