X. An investigation of the spectra of flames resulting from operations in the open-heart and "basic" bessemer processes

In the ‘Philosophical Transactions’ for 1894 were published Parts I. and II. of “Flame Spectra at High Temperatures, the Spectrum of Metallic Manganese, &c.," and Part III. “The Spectroscopic Phenomena and Thermochemistry of the Bessemer Process.” The results obtained by one of us up to 1895 had reference to the phenomena observed in flames seen to issue from the vessels in which are carried on the operations of the “acid" Bessemer process. The following account deals with an investigation of the Thomas-Gilchrist or “basic" process. Works in various parts of England were visited in order to asceitain where suitable observations could be made without incurring serious personal risks or damage to instruments, and to obtain permission to carry on these investigations.