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Having had the honour of being with Mr. Crookes during the whole of his recent researches on Radiation, and knowing the importance of obtaining the highest degree of rarefaction possible, I have latterly devoted much attention to the improvement of the “Sprengel” mercury-pump. Having now succeeded in constructing an instrument yielding very satisfactory results both in degree of exhaustion and rapidity of working, I purpose giving a detailed description of it, together with a new form of vacuum-tap which has been found exceedingly useful while working with vacua. The instrument, owing to the number of accessories, at first sight appears complicated. I will therefore first explain the principle of the pump, tracing the mercury and exhaustion through the different tubes, and then describe each adjunct separately.

I. On a new form of the 'sprengel' air-pump and vacuum-tap