I. On the geographical and geological relations of the fauna and flora of Palestine

A detailed examination of the fauna and flora exhibits results remarkably in accordance with the views expressed by Mr. Sclater and Dr. Günther on the geographical distribution of species. Palestine forms an extreme southern province of the Palæarctic region. In every class, however, there are a group of peculiar forms, which cannot be explained simply by the fact of Palestine impinging closely on the Ethiopian, and more distantly on the Indian region, but which require a reference to the geological history of the country.