Open AccessThe estimation of electric moment in solution by the temperature coefficient method. Part I.—Experimental method and the electric moments of some benzyl compounds
Author(s) -
Fred Fairbrother
Publication year - 1933
Publication title -
proceedings of the royal society of london. series a, containing papers of a mathematical and physical character
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2053-9150
pISSN - 0950-1207
DOI - 10.1098/rspa.1933.0162
Subject(s) - polarizability , moment (physics) , electric field , dilution , molecule , chemistry , thermodynamics , chemical polarity , boltzmann equation , absolute zero , physics , quantum mechanics , organic chemistry
The theory of the estimation of the electric moment of molecules dissolved in a non-polar solvent is now well known. The fundamental equation is P2∞ = 4π /3 N (α0 +μ 2 /3k T) (1) in which the symbols have the following significance: P2∞ the total polarizability of the solute per grain molecule at infinite dilution, N Avogadro’s number, α0 the moment induced in a single molecule by unit electric field,k the Boltzmann gas constant, T the absolute temperature, andμ the permanent electric moment of the molecule. This equation is of the form P2∞ = A + B/T, (2) where A = 4π /3 Nα0 and B = 4π /9 . Nμ 2 /k , from which it follows that if A and B are constant,i. e ., independent of temperature, then each may be evaluated from a series of measurements of P2∞ at different temperatures or alternatively B (and henceμ ) may be obtained from one value of P2∞ at one temperature, provided that A can be obtained by some independent method.