Morphological studies of benzene derivatives.—VII. The correlation of the forms of crystals with their molecular structure and orientation in a magnetic field in the case of hydrated sulphonates of dyad metals

In Part V of these Studies much evidence was adduced showing that a close relationship is traceable between the substituted sulphonic chlorides and bromides generally of the form C6 H3 R1 R2 . SO2 X, as these may all be referred to equivalence parameters, varying between narrow limits, similar in two directions to those deduced for benzene itself, the change in the third being such as may be expected to follow from the introduction of the group SO2 X. It is obviously desirable to consider also cases in which X is a more complex radicle than either CI or Br. A few of these have been discussed in Part V. Certain benzenesulphonates were considered in two previous communications of the series. apparently the results justify conclusions in harmony with those arrived at in the case of the simple sulphochlorides and bromides. But in view of the marked influence which halogens exert on the properties of the benzenesulphonic acids and of the manner in which the amount of "water of crystallisation" often varies as the metal is varied, it appeared to be desirable to study sulphonates generally as systematically as sulphonic chlorides and bromides have been studied.