Open AccessThe relation between the osmotic pressure and the vapour pressure in a concentrated solution
Author(s) -
Will Spens
Publication year - 1906
Publication title -
proceedings of the royal society of london. series a, containing papers of a mathematical and physical character
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2053-9150
pISSN - 0950-1207
DOI - 10.1098/rspa.1906.0019
Subject(s) - solvent , chemistry , volume (thermodynamics) , vapor pressure , hydrostatic pressure , osmotic pressure , chromatography , total pressure , hydrostatic equilibrium , atmosphere (unit) , thermodynamics , analytical chemistry (journal) , organic chemistry , biochemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
1. The relation between the vapour pressure and the osmotic pressure of a solution is often investigated by considering the equilibrium of a column of solution separated at the bottom from the pure solvent by a semi-permeable membrane, and placed in an atmosphere of vapour from the solvent. Now the hydrostatic equilibrium of the vapour column givesδp =gs -1 δh , wherep is the vapour pressure of the pure solvent,g the acceleration due to gravity,h the height above the surface of the pure solvent, ands the specific volume of the vapour. Hence considering the equilibrium of the liquid column we get P +p -p' =ρhg =ρ ∫p p' sdp , when P is the osmotic pressure,p' the vapour pressure of the solution,p that of the pure solvent, and whereρ is the effective mean density of the column of liquid.