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We report here biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous extracts of (i)  Azadirachta indica  leaves and (ii)  Citrullus colocynthis  fruit and their larvicidal activity against  Aedes aegypti.  The UV–Vis spectroscopy absorption peaks occurred in the range of 412–416 nm for  A. indica  AgNPs and 416–431 nm for  C. colocynthis  AgNPs indicating the silver nature of prepared colloidal samples. The scanning electron microscopy examination revealed the spherical morphology of both types of NPs with average size of 17 ± 4 nm ( A. indica  AgNPs) and 26 ± 5 nm ( C. colocynthis  AgNPs). The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the face-centred cubic (FCC) structure with crystallite size of 11 ± 1 nm ( A. indica  AgNPs) and 15 ± 1 nm ( C. colocynthis  AgNPs) while characteristic peaks appearing in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated the attachment of different biomolecules on AgNPs. The larvicidal activity at different concentrations of synthesized AgNPs (1–20 mg l −1 ) and extracts (0.5–1.5%) against  Aedes aegypti  was examined for 24 h. A concentration-dependent larvicidal potential of both types of AgNPs was observed. The LC 50  values were found to be 0.3 and 1.25 mg l −1  for  C. colocynthis  AgNPs and  A. indica  AgNPs, respectively. However, both extracts did not exhibit any notable larvicidal activity.

royal society open science

Biosynthesis, characterization and anti-dengue vector activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from <i>Azadirachta indica</i> and <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i>

Biosynthesis, characterization and anti-dengue vector activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Azadirachta indica and Citrullus colocynthis