Molecular mechanisms behind mRNA localization in axons | Zendy

Benita Turner-Bridger | Zendy; Cinzia Caterino | Zendy; Jean-Michel Cioni | Zendy

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Molecular mechanisms behind mRNA localization in axons

Author(s) -

Benita Turner-Bridger,

Cinzia Caterino,

Jean-Michel Cioni

Publication year - 2020

Publication title -

open biology

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 3.078

H-Index - 53

ISSN - 2046-2441

DOI - 10.1098/rsob.200177

Subject(s) - biology , messenger rna , translation (biology) , microbiology and biotechnology , proteome , transcriptome , p bodies , subcellular localization , function (biology) , neuroscience , gene expression , gene , bioinformatics , genetics , cytoplasm

Messenger RNA (mRNA) localization allows spatiotemporal regulation of the proteome at the subcellular level. This is observed in the axons of neurons, where mRNA localization is involved in regulating neuronal development and function by orchestrating rapid adaptive responses to extracellular cues and the maintenance of axonal homeostasis through local translation. Here, we provide an overview of the key findings that have broadened our knowledge regarding how specific mRNAs are trafficked and localize to axons. In particular, we review transcriptomic studies investigating mRNA content in axons and the molecular principles underpinning how these mRNAs arrived there, including cis-acting mRNA sequences and trans-acting proteins playing a role. Further, we discuss evidence that links defective axonal mRNA localization and pathological outcomes.

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