Open AccessUse of adipose stem cells and polylactide discs for tissue engineering of the temporomandibular joint disc
Author(s) -
Katja Mäenpää,
Ville Ellä,
Jari Mauno,
Minna Kellomäki,
Riitta Suuronen,
Timo Ylikomi,
Susanna Miettinen
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of the royal society interface
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.655
H-Index - 139
eISSN - 1742-5689
pISSN - 1742-5662
DOI - 10.1098/rsif.2009.0117
Subject(s) - aggrecan , chondrogenesis , tissue engineering , temporomandibular joint , adipose tissue , chemistry , type ii collagen , extracellular matrix , anatomy , type i collagen , stem cell , biomedical engineering , microbiology and biotechnology , cartilage , pathology , biology , osteoarthritis , medicine , biochemistry , alternative medicine , articular cartilage
There is currently no suitable replacement for damaged temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs after discectomy. In the present study, we fabricated bilayer biodegradable polylactide (PLA) discs comprising a non-woven mat of poly(L/D)lactide (P(L/D)LA) 96/4 and a P(L/DL)LA 70/30 membrane plate. The PLA disc was examined in combination with adipose stem cells (ASCs) for tissue engineering of the fibrocartilaginous TMJ discin vitro . ASCs were cultured in parallel in control and chondrogenic medium for a maximum of six weeks. Relative expression of the genes, aggrecan, type I collagen and type II collagen present in the TMJ disc extracellular matrix increased in the ASC-seeded PLA discs in the chondrogenic medium. The hypertrophic marker, type X collagen, was moderately induced. Alcian blue staining showed accumulation of sulphated glycosaminoglycans. ASC differentiation in the PLA discs was close to that observed in pellet cultures. Comparison of the mRNA levels revealed that the degree of ASC differentiation was lower than that in TMJ disc-derived cells and tissue. The pellet format supported the phenotype of the TMJ disc-derived cells under chondrogenic conditions and also enhanced their hyalinization potential, which is considered part of the TMJ disc degeneration process. Accordingly, the combination of ASCs and PLA discs has potential for the development of a tissue-engineered TMJ disc replacement.