Open AccessThe cosmopolitan maternal heritage of the Thoroughbred racehorse breed shows a significant contribution from British and Irish native mares
Author(s) -
Mim A. Bower,
Michael G. Campana,
Mark Whitten,
Ceiridwen J. Edwards,
Huw Jones,
Emma Barrett,
Rebecca Cassidy,
R. Ellen R. Nisbet,
Emmeline W. Hill,
Christopher J. Howe,
M. M. Binns
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
biology letters
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.596
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1744-957X
pISSN - 1744-9561
DOI - 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0800
Subject(s) - breed , irish , biology , foundation (evidence) , mitochondrial dna , middle east , ancient dna , veterinary medicine , archaeology , demography , history , zoology , population , genetics , medicine , philosophy , linguistics , sociology , gene
The paternal origins of Thoroughbred racehorses trace back to a handful of Middle Eastern stallions, imported to the British Isles during the seventeenth century. Yet, few details of the foundation mares were recorded, in many cases not even their names (several different maternal lineages trace back to 'A Royal Mare'). This has fuelled intense speculation over their origins. We examined mitochondrial DNA from 1929 horses to determine the origin of Thoroughbred foundation mares. There is no evidence to support exclusive Arab maternal origins as some historical records have suggested, or a significant importation of Oriental mares (the term used in historic records to refer to Middle East and western Asian breeds including Arab, Akhal-Teke, Barb and Caspian). Instead, we show that Thoroughbred foundation mares had a cosmopolitan European heritage with a far greater contribution from British and Irish Native mares than previously recognized.
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