Open AccessNeither Microbial Translocation Nor TLR Responsiveness Are Likely Explanations for Preexisting Immune Activation in Women Who Subsequently Acquired HIV in CAPRISA 004
Author(s) -
Vivek Naranbhai,
Natasha Samsunder,
Netanya G. Sandler,
Annalys Roque,
Quarraisha Abdool Karim,
Thumbi Ndung’u,
William H. Carr,
Marcus Altfeld,
Daniel C. Douek
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.162
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1944-7884
pISSN - 1525-4135
DOI - 10.1097/qai.0b013e31828e604b
Subject(s) - cd14 , chemokine , tlr2 , immunology , immune system , innate immune system , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , cytokine , tlr4 , lipopolysaccharide , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , biology , medicine , biochemistry , in vitro
Innate immune activation was a strong predictor of HIV acquisition in women at risk for HIV in CAPRISA 004. Identifying the cause(s) of activation could enable targeted prevention interventions. In this study, plasma concentrations of lipopolysaccharide, soluble CD14, and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein did not differ between subjects who did or did not subsequently acquire HIV nor were these levels correlated with plasma cytokines or natural killer cell activation. There was no difference between HIV acquirers and non-acquirers in the chemokine and cytokine responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with TLR2, 4, or 7/8 agonists. Further studies are required.