Open AccessPlasmacytoid and Myeloid Dendritic Cells With a Partial Activation Phenotype Accumulate in Lymphoid Tissue During Asymptomatic Chronic HIV-1 Infection
Author(s) -
Stephanie M. Dillon,
Kathryn B Robertson,
Samuel C. Pan,
Samantha MaWhinney,
Amie L. Meditz,
Joy M. Folkvord,
Elizabeth Connick,
Martin D. McCarter,
Cara C. Wilson
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.162
H-Index - 157
eISSN - 1944-7884
pISSN - 1525-4135
DOI - 10.1097/qai.0b013e3181664b60
Subject(s) - immunology , myeloid , biology , dendritic cell , cd11c , lymphatic system , plasmacytoid dendritic cell , follicular dendritic cells , immune system , lymph node , ex vivo , c c chemokine receptor type 7 , cd40 , chemokine , phenotype , chemokine receptor , in vivo , in vitro , t cell , antigen presenting cell , cytotoxic t cell , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , gene
Dendritic cells (DCs) from HIV-1-infected individuals display numeric and functional defects, and recent evidence suggests that HIV-1 can directly and indirectly activate DCs in vitro. The in vivo activation state and compartmentalization of DC subsets during HIV-1 infection remain poorly understood, however. We evaluated phenotypic and functional characteristics of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) directly ex vivo in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissue from HIV-1-infected and HIV-seronegative individuals. Analysis of a wide range of chemokine receptors and activation/maturation markers on circulating DCs from viremic HIV-1-infected donors revealed a phenotype indicative of partial activation. Yet, blood DCs from viremic subjects still achieved full maturation when stimulated in vitro. In addition, blood pDCs from viremic individuals had a reduced capacity to migrate to CXCL12 in vitro. Total numbers of both DC subsets were increased in lymph nodes of asymptomatic untreated HIV-1-infected subjects, consistent with DC accumulation in the lymphoid compartment. Lymph node DCs also expressed high levels of CD40 in the absence of increases of other typical activation/maturation markers. Activation and depletion of DCs in blood with accumulation in lymphoid tissue may contribute to HIV-associated chronic immune activation and T-cell dysfunction.