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Aversive and Reinforcing Opioid Effects
Author(s) -
Martin S. Angst,
Laura C. Lazzeroni,
Nicholas G. Phillips,
David R. Drover,
Martha Tingle,
Amrita Ray,
Gary E. Swan,
James D. Clark
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
anesthesiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.874
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1528-1175
pISSN - 0003-3022
DOI - 10.1097/aln.0b013e31825a2a4e
Subject(s) - medicine , nausea , sedation , opioid , adverse effect , placebo , mood , alfentanil , sedative , anesthesia , psychiatry , fentanyl , alternative medicine , receptor , pathology
The clinical utility of opioids is limited by adverse drug effects including respiratory depression, sedation, nausea, and pruritus. In addition, abuse of prescription opioids is problematic. Gaining a better understanding of the genetic and environmental mechanisms contributing to an individual's susceptibility to adverse opioid effects is essential to identify patients at risk.

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