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Thirty-one sows were used in an experiment designed to determine whether the ability of the porcine uterus to release prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha in response to oxytocin was suppressed in pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. Sows were assigned to one of three treatment groups: nonbred (nonpregnant) controls (n = 8), pseudopregnant (5 mg estradiol benzoate, i.m., daily on Days 11-15 postestrus; n = 8), or bred (bred once daily throughout the estrous period; n = 15). Jugular venous blood samples were collected daily for quantification of progesterone. Pregnancy was determined by uterine examination at slaughter 51-72 days postmating. On the basis of progesterone and embryo recovery, bred sows were classified into three subgroups: confirmed pregnant (n = 4), suspected pregnant based on delayed luteal regression (n = 5), or bred/not pregnant (n = 6). All sows received an injection of oxytocin (30 IU, i.v.) on Days 12, 15, and 18 postestrus. Jugular venous blood samples were collected from 60 min prior to through 120 min after injection of oxytocin for quantification of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha (PGFM). Magnitude of response above baseline and area under the PGFM response curve (AUC) were calculated for each sow on each day and compared among treatment groups by analysis of variance. Responses in pregnant and suspected-pregnant sows were not different on any day examined; therefore the two groups were combined (n = 9) and considered pregnant for all subsequent analyses. Responses in the nonpregnant and bred/not pregnant sows were pooled and compared to the responses in the pregnant and pseudopregnant sows. Magnitudes of response were similar between these pooled groups on Day 12 (p &gt; 0.5), but were less in pregnant and pseudopregnant sows on Days 15 and 18 (p &lt; 0.01). When nonpregnant and bred/not pregnant sows were compared to each other, the magnitudes of the response were similar on Days 12, 15, and 18 (p &gt; 0.3 on each day). In contrast, when pregnant and pseudopregnant sows were compared, pseudopregnant sows had a lower magnitude of response that was consistent across all 3 days (p &lt; 0.02). Similar relationships were apparent for the AUC. These results demonstrate that uterine secretory responsiveness to oxytocin is suppressed during early pregnancy and that this effect may be mediated through estrogen secreted by conceptuses.

biology of reproduction

Changes in Uterine Secretion of Prostaglandin F2α in Response to Oxytocin during the Estrous Cycle, Early Pregnancy, and Estrogen-lnduced Pseudopregnancy in Swine1