Effect of brain structure and function on reward anticipation in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined subtype | Zendy

Viola Kappel | Zendy; Robert C. Lorenz | Zendy; Martina Streifling | Zendy; Babette Renneberg | Zendy; Ulrike Lehmkuhl | Zendy; Andreas Ströhle | Zendy; Harriet SalbachAndrae | Zendy; Anne Beck | Zendy

Open Access

Effect of brain structure and function on reward anticipation in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined subtype

Author(s) -

Viola Kappel,

Robert C. Lorenz,

Martina Streifling,

Babette Renneberg,

Ulrike Lehmkuhl,

Andreas Ströhle,

Harriet SalbachAndrae,

Anne Beck

Publication year - 2014

Publication title -

social cognitive and affective neuroscience

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.229

H-Index - 103

eISSN - 1749-5024

pISSN - 1749-5016

DOI - 10.1093/scan/nsu135

Subject(s) - hypoactivity , psychology , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , anticipation (artificial intelligence) , ventral striatum , functional magnetic resonance imaging , brain structure and function , developmental psychology , neuroscience , neuroimaging , dopamine , clinical psychology , striatum , artificial intelligence , computer science

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with decreased ventral-striatal responsiveness during reward anticipation. However, previous research mostly focused on adults with heterogeneous ADHD subtype and divers drug treatment status while studies in children with ADHD are sparse. Moreover, it remains unclear to what degree ADHD is characterized by a delay of normal brain structure or function maturation. We therefore attempt to determine whether results from structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are associated with childhood and adult ADHD combined subtype (ADHD-CT). This study used fMRI to compare VS structure and function of 30 participants with ADHD-CT (16 adults, 14 children) and 30 controls (20 adults, 10 children), using a monetary incentive delay task. Joint analyses of structural and functional imaging data were conducted with Biological Parametric Mapping. Reward anticipation elicited decreased ventral-striatal responsiveness in adults but not in children with ADHD-CT. Children and adults with ADHD showed reduced ventral-striatal volume. Taking these gray matter differences into account, the results remained the same. These results suggest that decreased ventral-striatal responsiveness during reward anticipation is present in adults but not in children with ADHD-CT, irrespective of structural characteristics. The question arises whether ventral-striatal hypoactivity is an ADHD correlate that develops during the course of illness.

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