Outcomes and compliance with standards of care in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis—insights from a large multiregion audit

Objectives We aimed to conduct a large audit of routine care for patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. Methods We invited all 34 hospitals within one health region in England to undertake a retrospective case note audit of all patients newly diagnosed or treated with CYC or rituximab (RTX) for ANCA-associated vasculitis from April 2013 to December 2014. We compared clinical practice to the British Society for Rheumatology guidelines for the management of adults with ANCA-associated vasculitis and the use of RTX with the National Health Service (NHS) England commissioning policy and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) technology appraisal. Results We received data from 213 patients. Among 130 newly diagnosed patients, delay from admission to diagnosis ranged from 0 to 53 days (median 6, interquartile range 3–10.5) for those diagnosed as inpatients. BVAS was recorded in 8% of patients at diagnosis. Remission at 6 months was achieved in 83% of patients. The 1-year survival was 91.5%. A total of 130 patients received CYC for new diagnosis or relapse. The correct dose of i.v. CYC (within 100 mg of the target dose calculated for age, weight and creatinine) was administered in 58% of patients. A total of 25% of patients had an infection requiring hospital admission during or within 6 months of completing their CYC therapy. Seventy-six patients received RTX for new diagnosis or relapse. A total of 97% of patients met the NHS England or NICE eligibility criteria. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis (recommended in the summary of product characteristics) was given in only 65% of patients. Conclusion We identified opportunities to improve care, including compliance with safety standards for delivery of CYC. Development of a national treatment protocol/checklist to reduce this heterogeneity in care should be considered as a priority.