1250. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Acquiring Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in an Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Hospital

Background Active surveillance testing of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (AST-CRE) is recommended in high-risk settings, such as intensive care units (ICUs), to prevent CRE outbreaks or invasive infections. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AST-CRE by analyzing the prevalence and risk factors for acquiring CRE during the ICU care. Methods We conducted AST-CRE on rectal swabs of patients admitted to the ICU in the emergency room at a tertiary hospital in South Korea for 12.5 months. AST-CRE was performed upon admission and weekly thereafter. To assess the risk factors of acquiring AST-CRE during the admission period in adult patients, those colonized with CRE upon admission and aged <18 years were excluded. AST-CRE was performed using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention methods. A polymerase chain reaction assay was performed to detect five carbapenemase genes (NDM, KPC, VIM, IMP, and OXA). Results A total of 810 patients were admitted during the study period. The acquisition rate and carbapenemase-producing CRE were 2.6% (21/810) and 42.9% (9/21), respectively. No invasive infection due to CRE was found. The most common species were Klebsiella pneumoniae (71.4%, 15/21), and eight KPC and one NDM genes were detected. In CRE-positive patients, in-hospital mortality and length of hospitalization were higher (P = 0.003) and longer (P < 0.001), respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7–36.8), previous hospitalization in the last year (aOR 5.1; 95% CI 1.6–16.4), co-colonization with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter species (aOR 18.3; 95% CI, 4.2–79.2) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria (aOR 3.4; 95% CI, 1.1–10.9), and length of ICU admission until CRE detection for ≥10 days (aOR 6.5; 95% CI 2.2–19.2) were independently associated with CRE acquisition. Conclusion To prevent CRE outbreak or invasive infections, patients admitted in the ICU should be screened using AST-CRE. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.