Commentary: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

To the Editor—We read with great interest the brief report of a case of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-infected patient on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) by Galiatsatos et al [1]. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis usually complicates lung disease in patients affected by cystic fibrosis (CF) or asthma. The association of ABPA with other lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, Kartagener's syndrome, chronic granulomatous disease, and hyper-immunoglobulin (Ig)E syndrome has been suggested but not confirmed [2, 3]. The diagnosis of ABPA in Galiatsatos's [1] patient satisfied recent criteria proposed by Agarwal [2]: presence of predisposing condition (asthma), 2 of 2 obligatory criteria (total IgE > 1000 IU/mL, elevate IgE levels against Aspergillus fumigatus) and 2 of 3 additional criteria (radiological findings, eosinophilia) [4].