Austrian Syndrome With Quadruple Valve Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review of Quadruple Valve Infective Endocarditis

BACKGROUND: The triad of pneumonia, meningitis and endocarditis secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae was first described by Heschl in 1862 followed by Osler in 1881. In 1956, Austrian described a case series of 8 patients with pneumococcal endocarditis and rupture of the aortic valve. This triad became known as the Austrian syndrome. We present what we believe to be the first reported case of Austrian syndrome with quadruple heart valve involvement, and review the literature detailing cases of quadruple valve infective endocarditis.