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Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Histoplasmosis
Author(s) -
Anthony A. Castelli,
David G. Rosenthal,
Rachel Bender Ignacio,
Helen Y. Chu
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
open forum infectious diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.546
H-Index - 35
ISSN - 2328-8957
DOI - 10.1093/ofid/ofv140
Subject(s) - hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis , fulminant , medicine , histoplasmosis , immunology , immunodeficiency , bacteremia , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immune system , virology , antibiotics , disease , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in immunocompromised hosts is a fulminant syndrome of immune activation with high rates of mortality that may be triggered by infections or immunodeficiency. Rapid diagnosis and treatment of the underlying disorder is necessary to prevent progression to multiorgan failure and death. We report a case of HLH in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus, disseminated histoplasmosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, and Escherichia coli bacteremia. We discuss management of acutely ill patients with HLH and treatment of the underlying infection versus initiation of HLH-specific chemotherapy.

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