Association of ESA hypo-responsiveness and haemoglobin variability with mortality in haemodialysis patients

Anaemia is a common complication in dialysis patients. In most cases, it is treated with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESA). It is not entirely clear whether the variability of haemoglobin caused by changing ESA response is associated with increased mortality. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate ESA responsiveness and haemoglobin variability in association with mortality.