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Objective  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common procedure that can be distressing for children. Although not yet studied in the context of pediatric medical procedures, self-efficacy may be a good predictor of procedural stress and a clinically feasible target for behavioral intervention. The objectives of this study were to develop the MRI Self-Efficacy Scale for Children (MRI-SEC) and assess the preliminary psychometric properties. Methods  Development of the MRI-SEC was informed by literature searches and feedback from healthcare providers. Twenty child–parent dyads naïve to MRI and 10 child–parent dyads with MRI experience completed the MRI-SEC to assess the comprehensibility and ease of use, and to inform item and scale refinement. The final version includes four practice items and 12 items directly assessing MRI self-efficacy. To evaluate the psychometric properties, 127 children (ages 6–12) and parents naïve to MRI completed the MRI-SEC, and a series of measures to assess construct validity. To evaluate test–retest reliability 27 children completed the MRI-SEC a second time. Results  The MRI-SEC demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and convergent validity. Conclusion  Development of the MRI-SEC provides an opportunity to better understand the role of self-efficacy as a predictor of procedural stress and cooperation with MRI, informing reliable prediction of children who may benefit from additional support for MRI and the development of tailored behavioral interventions.

The MRI Self-Efficacy Scale for Children: Development and Preliminary Psychometrics