Twinned/untwinned catalytic gold nanoparticles identified by applying a convolutional neural network to their Hough transformed Z-contrast images

In this article, we demonstrate that a convolutional neural network (CNN) can be effectively used to determine the presence of twins in the atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images of catalytic Au nanoparticles. In particular, the CNN screening of Hough transformed images resulted in significantly higher accuracy rates as compared to those obtained by applying this technique to the raw STEM images. The proposed method can be utilized for evaluating the statistical twining fraction of Au nanoparticles that strongly affects their catalytic activity.