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To integrate the complex physiological responses of plants to stress, natural abundances (δ) of the stable isotope pairs 15 N/ 14 N and 13 C/ 12 C were measured in 30 genotypes of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch.). These accessions, originating from ecologically diverse sites, were grown in a controlled environment and subjected to mild, short-term drought or N-starvation. Increases in total dry weight were paralleled by less negative δ 13 C in shoots and, in unstressed and droughted plants, by less negative whole-plant δ 13 C. Root δ 15 N was correlated negatively with total dry weight, whereas shoot and whole-plant δ 15 N were not correlated with dry weight. The difference in δ 15 N between shoot and root varied with stress in all genotypes. Shoot-root δ 15 N may be a more sensitive indicator of stress response than shoot, root or whole-plant δ 15 N alone. Among the potentially most productive genotypes, the most stress-tolerant had the most negative whole-plant δ 15 N, whether the stress was drought or N-starvation. In common, controlled experiments, genotypic differences in whole-plant δ 15 N may reflect the extent to which N can be retained within plants when stressed.

Using stable isotope natural abundances (δ15N and δ13C) to integrate the stress responses of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch.) genotypes