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Three developmental changes were observed in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana (Columbia) when shoots were exposed to elevated CO2 (i) The allometric coefficient, k, was enhanced significantly (P<0.001), (ii) primary root length and root extension rate were enhanced (P<0.001). Accelerated cortical cell expansion contributed to this effect and was associated with increased cell wall extensibility, measured as % plasticity. (III) Lateral root formation and extension were also increased in elevated CO2 (P<0.05). These results illustrate that root growth and structure was altered following exposure to elevated CO2. The changes observed suggest that Arabidopsis provides a useful model which should, in future, be amendable to study using appropriate mutants allowing the genetic basis of the responses to be identified

A model system to study the effects of elevated CO2 on the developmental physiology of roots: the use of Arabidopsis thaliana