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This study was conducted to investigate the functional roles of an endo-β-1,4-xylanase on the intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs. Sixty pigs (at 21 d old, 6.9 ± 0.8 kg BW) were allotted based on a randomized complete block design with sex and initial BW as blocks. Dietary treatments had nutrients meeting the requirements with increasing levels of endo-β-1,4-xylanase [0, 220, 440, 880, 1,760 xylanase unit (XU)/kg feed] and fed to pigs in three phases (phase 1/2/3 for 10/14/14 d, respectively). Titanium dioxide (0.4%) was added to the phase 3 diets as an indigestible marker. On d 38, all pigs were euthanized to collect ileal digesta to measure apparent ileal digestibility (AID), jejunal digesta to measure viscosity, jejunal mucosa to evaluate intestinal health. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure for polynomial contrasts and the NLMIXED procedure for broken line analysis of SAS. Increasing xylanase in the nursery diets reduced (linear, P &amp;lt; 0.05) the digesta viscosity in the jejunum. Increasing xylanase tended to reduce the relative abundance of Cupriavidus (P = 0.073) and Megasphaera (P = 0.063); tended to increase the relative abundance of Succinivibrio (P = 0.076) and Pseudomonas (P = 0.060); and had a quadratic effect (P &amp;lt; 0.05) on the relative abundance of Acinetobacter (maximum: 2.01% at 867 XU/kg feed). Xylanase from 0 to 1,087 XU/kg feed reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.05) jejunal malondialdehyde (MDA). Xylanase from 0 to 1,475 XU/kg feed increased (P &amp;lt; 0.05) the AID of neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Increasing xylanase increased (P &amp;lt; 0.05) the AID of ether extract (EE) and tended to increase (P = 0.058) the AID of crude protein (CP). Increasing xylanase did not affect growth performance on overall period, whereas xylanase from 0 to 736 XU/kg feed increased (P &amp;lt; 0.05) ADG during d 31 to 38. In conclusion, xylanase supplementation showed benefits on intestinal health by reducing digesta viscosity, the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria, and the oxidative stress in the jejunal mucosa, collectively enhancing intestinal morphology and the AID of nutrients. Xylanase supplementation at a range of 750 to 1,500 XU/kg feed provided benefits associated with reduced oxidative stress, increased nutrient digestibility, resulting in potential improvement on growth performance of nursery pigs by increasing the ADFI and moderately improving the ADG throughout the last week feeding.

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Functional roles of xylanase enhancing intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs by reducing the digesta viscosity and modulating the mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum