Open AccessContributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: a pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants
Author(s) -
Bin Zhou,
James Bentham,
Mariachiara Di Cesare,
Honor Bixby,
Goodarz Danaei,
Kaveh Hajifathalian,
Cristina Taddei,
Rodrigo M. CarrilloLarco,
Shirin Djalalinia,
Shahab Khatibzadeh,
Charles Lugero,
Niloofar Peykari,
Wanzhu Zhang,
James E. Bennett,
Ver Bilano,
Gretchen A Stevens,
Melanie Cowan,
Leanne M Riley,
Zhengming Chen,
Ian Hambleton,
Rod T Jackson,
André Pascal Kengne,
Young-Ho Khang,
Avula Laxmaiah,
Jing Liu,
Reza Malekzadeh,
Hannelore Neuhauser,
Maroje Sorić,
Gregor Starc,
Johan Sundström,
Mark Woodward,
Majid Ezzati,
Leandra Abarca-Gómez,
Ziad Abdeen,
Niveen Abu-Rmeileh,
Benjamín Acosta-Cázares,
Robert J. Adams,
Wichai Aekplakorn,
Kaosar Afsana,
Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas,
Charles Agyemang,
Noor Ani Ahmad,
Alireza Ahmadvand,
Wolfgang Ahrens,
Kamel Ajlouni,
N. S. Akhtaeva,
Rajaa AlRaddadi,
Mohamed M. Ali,
Osman Ali,
Ala’a Alkerwi,
Eman Aly,
Deepak Amarapurkar,
Philippe Amouyel,
Antoinette Amuzu,
Lars Bo Andersen,
Sigmund A Anderssen,
Lars Ängquist,
Ranjit Mohan Anjana,
Daniel Ansong,
Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri,
Joana Araújo,
Inger Ariansen,
Tahir Aris,
Nimmathota Arlappa,
Dominique Arveiler,
Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan,
Thor Aspelund,
Félix Assah,
Maria Cecília F Assunção,
Mária Avdićová,
Ana Azevedo,
Fereidoun Azizi,
Bontha V. Babu,
Suhad Bahijri,
Nagalla Balakrishna,
Mohamed Bamoshmoosh,
Maciej Banach,
Piotr Bandosz,
José R Banegas,
Carlo M Barbagallo,
Alberto Barceló,
Amina Barkat,
Aluísio J. D. Barros,
Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros,
Iqbal Bata,
Anwar Batieha,
Assembekov Batyrbek,
Louise A. Baur,
Robert Beaglehole,
Habiba Ben Romdhane,
Mikhail Benet Rodríguez,
L. Scott Benson,
Antonio BernabéOrtiz,
Gailute Bernotiene,
Heloisa Bettiol,
Aroor Bhagyalaxmi,
Sumit Bharadwaj,
Santosh K. Bhargava,
Yufang Bi,
Mukharram M Bikbov,
Bihungum Bista,
Peter Bjerregaard,
Espen Bjertness,
Marius B Bjertness,
Cecilia Björkelund,
Anneke Blokstra,
Simona Bo,
Martin Bobák,
Heiner Boeing,
Jose G Boggia,
Carlos P Boissonnet,
Vanina Bongard,
Rossana Borchini,
Pascal Bovet,
Lutgart Braeckman,
Imperia Brajkovich,
Francesco Branca,
Juergen Breckenkamp,
Hermann Brenner,
Lizzy M. Brewster,
Graziella Bruno,
H. Bas BuenodeMesquita,
Anna Bugge,
Con Burns,
Michael Bursztyn,
Antonio Cabrera de León,
Joseph Cacciottolo,
Hui Cai,
Christine Cameron,
Günay Can,
Ana Paula Carlos Cândido,
Vincenzo Capuano,
Viviane C Cardoso,
Axel C. Carlsson,
Joana Carvalho,
Felipe F. Casanueva,
Juan-Pablo Casas,
Carmelo A Caserta,
Snehalatha Chamukuttan,
Angelique Chan,
Queenie Chan,
Himanshu K Chaturvedi,
Nishi Chaturvedi,
Chien-Jen Chen,
Fangfang Chen,
Huashuai Chen,
Shuohua Chen,
ChingYu Cheng,
Imane Cherkaoui Dekkaki,
Angela Chetrit,
Arnaud Chioléro,
ShuTi Chiou,
Adela Chiriță-Emandi,
MaríaDolores Chirlaque,
Belong Cho,
Yumi Cho,
Diego Giulliano Destro Christófaro,
Jerzy Chudek,
Renata Cífková,
Eliza Cinteză,
Frank Claessens,
Els Clays,
Hans Concin,
Cyrus Cooper,
Rachel Cooper,
Tara Coppinger,
Simona Costanzo,
Dominique Cottel,
Chris Cowell,
Cora L. Craig,
Ana B. Crujeiras,
Juan J. de la Cruz,
Graziella D’Arrigo,
Eleonora d’Orsi,
Jean Dallongeville,
Albertino Damasceno,
Rachel Dankner,
Thomas Meinertz Dantoft,
Luc Dauchet,
Kairat Davletov,
Guy De Backer,
Dirk De Bacquer,
Giovanni de Gaetano,
Stefaan De Henauw,
Paula Duarte de Oliveira,
Delphine De Smedt,
Mohan Deepa,
Abbas Dehghan,
Hélène Delisle,
Valérie Deschamps,
Klodian Dhana,
Augusto Di Castelnuovo,
Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa,
Alejandro Díaz,
Ty T Dickerson,
Do Thi Phuong Ha,
Chiara Donfrancesco,
Silvana P Donoso,
Angela Döring,
Maria Dorobanţu,
Kouamelan Doua,
Wojciech Drygas,
Virginija Dulskienė,
Aleksandar Džakula,
Vilnis Dzerve,
Elżbieta Dziankowska–Zaborszczyk,
Robert Eggertsen,
Ulf Ekelund,
Jalila El Ati,
Paul Elliott,
Roberto Elosúa,
Rajiv T Erasmus,
Cihangir Erem,
Louise Eriksen,
Johan G Eriksson,
Jorge Escobedo,
Alun Evans,
David Faeh,
Caroline Fall,
Farshad Farzadfar,
Francisco Javier Félix-Redondo,
Trevor S Ferguson,
Romulo A Fernandes,
Daniel FernándezBergés,
Daniel Ferrante,
Marika Ferrari,
Catterina Ferreccio,
Jean Ferrières,
Joseph D Finn,
Krista Fischer,
Bernhard Föger,
Leng Huat Foo,
AnnSofie Forslund,
Maria Forsner,
Heba Fouad,
Damian K Francis,
Maria do Carmo Franco,
Oscar H. Franco,
Guillermo Frontera,
Flávio Danni Fuchs,
Sandra Cristina Pereira Costa Fuchs,
Yuki Fujita,
Takuro Furusawa,
Zbigniew Gaciong,
Fabio Galvano,
Manuela García de la Hera,
Dickman Gareta,
Sarah P. Garnett,
Jean-Michel Gaspoz,
Magda Gasull,
Louise Gates,
Johanna M. Geleijnse,
Anoosheh Ghasemian,
Anup Ghimire,
Simona Giampaoli,
Francesco Gianfagna,
Tiffany K Gill,
Jonathan Giovannelli,
Rebecca Goldsmith,
Helen Gonçalves,
Marcela GonzálezGross,
Juan P. GonzálezRivas,
Mariano Bonet Gorbea,
F. Gottrand,
Sidsel GraffIversen,
D Grafnetter,
Aneta Grajda,
Maria G Grammatikopoulou,
Ronald D Gregor,
Tomasz Grodzicki,
Anders Grøntved,
Giuseppe Grosso,
Gabriella Gruden,
Vera Grujic,
Dongfeng Gu,
Ong Peng Guan,
Elías F. Guðmundsson,
Vilmundur Guðnason,
Ramiro Guerrero,
Idris Guessous,
André Luiz Sena Guimarães,
Martin Gulliford,
Jóhanna Gunnlaugsdóttir,
Marc Gunter,
Prakash C. Gupta,
Tarun Gupta,
Oye Gureje,
Beata Gurzkowska,
Laura Gutiérrez,
Félix Gutzwiller,
Farzad Hadaegh,
Jytte Halkjær,
Rebecca Hardy,
Rachakulla Hari Kumar,
Jun Hata,
Alison J Hayes,
Jiang He,
Yuna He,
Marleen Elisabeth,
Ana Henriques,
Leticia HernándezCadena,
Sauli Herrala,
Ramin Heshmat,
Ilpo Tapani Hihtaniemi,
Sai Yin Ho,
Suzanne C. Ho,
Michael Hobbs,
Albert Hofman,
Gönül Dinç,
Andrea R V R Horimoto,
Claudia M Hormiga,
Bernardo Lessa Horta,
Leila Houti,
Christina Howitt,
Thein Thein Htay,
Aung Soe Htet,
Maung Maung Than Htike,
Yonghua Hu,
José María Huerta,
Martijn Huisman,
Abdullatif Husseini,
Inge Huybrechts,
Nahla Hwalla,
Licia Iacoviello,
Anna G. Ian,
Mohsen M Ibrahim,
Norazizah Ibrahim Wong,
Nayu Ikeda,
M Arfan Ikram,
Vilma Irazola,
TH Lam,
Aziz Al-Safi Ismail,
Vanja Ivković,
Masanori Iwasaki,
Jeremy M. Jacobs,
Hashem Jaddou,
Tazeen Jafar,
Konrad Jamrozik,
Imre Janszky,
Grażyna Jasieńska,
Ana Jelaković,
Bojan Jelaković,
Garry Jennings,
Seung-lyeal Jeong,
Chao Qiang Jiang,
Michel Joffres,
Mattias Johansson,
Jari Jokelainen,
Jost B Jonas,
Torben Jørgensen,
Pradeep Joshi,
Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak,
Anne Juolevi,
Gregor Jurak,
Vesna Jureša,
Rudolf Kaaks,
Anthony Kafatos,
Eero O Kajantie,
Ofra KalterLeibovici,
Nor Azmi Kamaruddin,
Khem Bahadur Karki,
Amir Kasaeian,
Joanne Katz,
Jussi Kauhanen,
Prabhdeep Kaur,
Maryam Kavousi,
Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva,
Ulrich Keil,
Lital KeinanBoker,
Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi,
Roya Kelishadi,
Han C. G. Kemper,
Alina Kerimkulova,
Mathilde Kersting,
Timothy Key,
Yousef Khader,
Davood Khalili,
Mohammad Khateeb,
Kay-Tee Khaw,
Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer,
Stefan Kiechl,
Japhet Killewo,
Jeongseon Kim,
Yeon-Yong Kim,
Jurate Klumbiene,
Michael Knoflach,
Elin Kolle,
Patrick Kolsteren,
Paul Korrovits,
Seppo Koskinen,
Katsuyasu Kouda,
Sudhir Kowlessur,
Sławomir Kozieł,
Susi Kriemler,
Peter Lund Kristensen,
Steinar Krokstad,
Daan Kromhout,
Herculina S Kruger,
Růžena Kubínová,
Renata Kučienė,
Diana Kuh,
Urho M. Kujala,
Zbigniew Kułaga,
Raman Kumar,
Pawel Kurjata,
Yadlapalli S Kusuma,
Kari Kuulasmaa,
Catherine Kyobutungi,
Tiina Laatikainen,
Carl Lachat,
Orlando Landrove,
Vera Lanska,
Georg Lappas,
Bagher Larijani,
Lars E. Laugsand,
Khanh Le Nguyen Bao,
Tuyen D. Le,
Catherine Leclercq,
Jeannette Lee,
Jeonghee Lee,
Terho Lehtimäki,
Luz M. LeónMuñoz,
Naomi Levitt,
Yanping Li,
Christa L. Lilly,
Wei-Yen Lim,
Maria Fernanda LimaCosta,
Hsien-Ho Lin,
Xu Lin,
Lars Lind,
Allan Linneberg,
Lauren Lissner,
Mieczysław Litwin,
Roberto Lorbeer,
Paulo A Lotufo,
José Eugenio Lozano,
Dalia Lukšienė,
Annamari Lundqvist,
Nuno Lunet,
Per Lytsy,
Guansheng Ma,
Jun Ma,
George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho,
Suka Machi,
Stefania Maggi,
Dianna J. Magliano,
Emmanuella Magriplis,
Marjeta Majer,
Márcia Makdisse,
Rahul Malhotra,
Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao,
Sofia Malyutina,
Yannis Μanios,
Jim Mann,
Enzo Manzato,
Paula Margozzini,
Pedro MarquesVidal,
Larissa Pruner Marques,
Jaume Marrugat,
Reynaldo Martorell,
Ellisiv B Mathiesen,
Alícia Matijasevich,
Tandi E. Matsha,
Jean Claude Mbanya,
Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso,
Shelly R McFarlane,
Stephen T. McGarvey,
Stela McLachlan,
Rachael McLean,
Scott B McLean,
Breige McNulty,
Sounnia Médiène-Benchekor,
Jūratė Medžionienė,
Aline Meirhaeghe,
Christa Meisinger,
Ana Maria B. Menezes,
Geetha R. Me,
Indrapal I Meshram,
Andres Metspalu,
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Pietro Amedeo Modesti,
Mostafa K. Mohamed,
Kazem Mohammad,
Noushin Mohammadifard,
Viswanathan Mohan,
Salim Mohanna,
Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff,
Line T. Møllehave,
Niels Christian Møller,
Dénes Molnár,
Amirabbas Momenan,
Charles Mondo,
Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki,
James Moon,
Leila B Moreira,
Alain Morejón,
Luis A Moreno,
Karen Morgan,
George Moschonis,
Małgorzata Mossakowska,
Aya Mostafa,
Jorge Mota,
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh,
Jorge Motta,
Kelias P Msyamboza,
Thet Thet Mu,
Maria L. Muiesan,
Martina MüllerNurasyid,
Neil Murphy,
Jaakko Mursu,
Vera Musil,
Iraj Nabipour,
Gabriele Nagel,
Balkish Mahadir Naidu,
Harunobu Nakamura,
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Nang Ei Ei Khaing,
Vinay Nangia,
Sameer Narake,
Matthias Nauck,
Eva María NavarreteMuñoz,
Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye,
William A. Neal,
Iloenko,
Martin Neovius,
Flavio Nervi,
Hannelore K Neuhauser,
Chung T Nguyen,
Nguyen D Nguyen,
Quang Ngoc Nguyen,
Quang V Nguyen,
Ramfis NietoMartínez,
Teemu Niiranen,
Guang Ning,
Toshiharu Ninomiya,
Sania Nishtar,
Marianoale,
Óscar Noboa,
Ahmad Ali Noorbala,
Teresa Norat,
Davide Noto,
Mohannad Al Nsour,
Dermot O'Reilly,
Eiji Oda,
Glenn Oehlers,
Kyungwon Oh,
Kumiko Ohara,
Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto,
Isabel O Oliveira,
Mohd Azahadi Omar,
Altan Onat,
Sok King Ong,
Lariane M Ono,
Pedro Ordúñez,
Rui Ornelas,
Clive Osmond,
Sergej M. Ostojic,
Afshin Ostovar,
Johanna Otero,
Kim Overvad,
Ellis Owusu-Dabo,
Fred Paccaud,
Cristina Padez,
Elena Pahomova,
Andrzej Pająk,
Domenico Palli,
Luigi Palmieri,
WenHarn Pan,
Songhomitra Panda-Jonas,
Francesco Panza,
Dimitrios Papandreou,
Soon-Woo Park,
Winsome R Parnell,
Mahboubeh Parsaeian,
Nikhil D Patel,
Ivan Pećin,
Mangesh S. Pednekar,
Nasheeta Peer,
Petra H. Peeters,
Sérgio Viana Peixoto,
Markku Peltonen,
Alexandre C. Pereira,
Annette Peters,
Astrid Petersmann,
Janina Petkeviciene,
Son Thai Pham,
Iris Pigeot,
Hynek Pikhart,
Aida Pilav,
Lorenza Pilotto,
Freda Pitakaka,
Aleksandra Piwońska,
Pedro Plans-Rubió,
Ozren Polašek,
Miquel Porta,
Marileen L.P. Portegies,
Akram Pourshams,
Hossein Poustchi,
Rajendra Pradeepa,
Prashant Mathur,
Jackie F. Price,
Jardena J. Puder,
Maria Puiu,
Margus Punab,
Radwan F Qasrawi,
Mostafa Qorbani,
Tran Quoc Bao,
Ivana Radić,
Ričardas Radišauskas,
Mahfuzar Rahman,
Olli Raitakari,
Manu Raj,
Sudha Ramachandra Rao,
Ambady Ramachandran,
Elisabete Ramos,
Lekhraj Rampal,
Sanjay Rampal,
Daniel A Rangel Reina,
Josep Redón,
Paul Ferdinand M Reganit,
Robespierre Ribeiro,
Elio Ríboli,
Fernando Rigo,
Tobias F Rinke de Wit,
Raphael Mendes RittiDias,
Siân Robinson,
Cynthia Robitaille,
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo,
Miguel Ángel RodríguezPérez,
Laura A. Rodríguez-Villamizar,
Rosalba Rojas,
Dora Romaguera,
Kimmo Ronkainen,
Annika Rosengren,
Joel G R Roy,
Adolfo Rubinstein,
Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt,
Marcin Rutkowski,
Charumathi Sabanayagam,
Harshpal Singh Sachdev,
Olfa Saidi,
Sibel Sakarya,
Benoît Salanave,
Eduardo Salazar Martinez,
Diego Salmerón,
Veikko Salomaa,
Jukka T. Salonen,
Massimo Salvetti,
José Sánchez-Abanto,
Susana Sans,
Diana A Santos,
Ina S Santos,
Renata Nunes dos Santos,
Rute Santos,
Jouko Saramies,
Luís B. Sardinha,
Giselle Sarganas,
Nizal Sarrafzadegan,
KaiUwe Saum,
Savvas Savva,
Márcia Scazufca,
Hermán Schargrodsky,
Sabine Schipf,
Carsten Oliver Schmidt,
Ben Schöttker,
Constance Schultsz,
Aletta E. Schutte,
Aye Aye Sein,
Abhijit Sen,
Idowu O Senbanjo,
Sadaf G Sepanlou,
Sanjib Kumar Sharma,
Jonathan E Shaw,
Kenji Shibuya,
Dong Wook Shin,
Youchan Shin,
Khairil Si-Ramlee,
Rosalynn Siantar,
Abla Mehio Sibai,
Diego Augusto Santos Silva,
Mary Simon,
Judith Simons,
Leon A Simons,
Michael Sjöstróm,
Sine Skovbjerg,
Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer,
Przemyslaw Slusarczyk,
Liam Smeeth,
Margaret Smith,
Marieke B. Snijder,
HungKwan So,
Eugène Sobngwi,
Stefan Söderberg,
Vincenzo Solfrizzi,
Emily Sonestedt,
Yi Song,
Thorkild I. A. Sørensen,
Maroje Soric,
Charles Sossa Jérome,
Aïcha Soumaré,
Jan A. Staessen,
Maria G. Stathopoulou,
Bill Stavreski,
Jostein Steene-Johannessen,
Peter Stehle,
Aryeh D. Stein,
George S. Stergiou,
Jochanan Stessman,
Jutta Stieber,
Doris Stöckl,
Tanja Stocks,
Jakub Stokwiszewski,
Karien Stronks,
Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi,
ChienAn Sun,
Yn-Tz Sung,
Paibul Suriyawongpaisal,
Rody G. Sy,
E Shyong Tai,
MariLiis Tammesoo,
Abdonas Tamosiunas,
Eng Joo Tan,
Xun Tang,
Frank Tanser,
Yong Tao,
Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh,
Carolina Tarqui-Mamani,
Oana-Florentina Tautu,
Anne Taylor,
Holger Theobald,
Xenophon Theodoridis,
Lutgarde Thijs,
Betina H. Thuesen,
Anne Tjønneland,
Hanna K. Tolonen,
Janne Schurmann Tolstrup,
Murat Topbaş,
Roman Topór-Madry,
María José Tormo,
Maties Torrent,
Pierre Traissac,
Dimitrios Trichopoulos,
Antonia Trichopoulou,
Oanh T. H. Trinh,
Atul Trivedi,
Lechaba Tshepo,
Marshall K Tulloch-Reid,
Fikru Tullu,
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen,
Jaakko Tuomilehto,
Maria L Turley,
Per Tynelius,
Christophe Tzourio,
Peter Ueda,
Eunice Ugel,
Hanno Ulmer,
Hannu Uusitalo,
Gonzalo Valdívia,
Damaskini Valvi,
Yvonne T. van der Schouw,
Koen Van Herck,
Hoàng Văn Minh,
Lenie van Rossem,
Natasja M. van Schoor,
Irene G. M. van Valkengoed,
Dirk Vanderschueren,
Diego Vanuzzo,
Lars Vatten,
Tomás Vega,
Gustavo Velásquez-Meléndez,
Giovanni Veronesi,
W. M. Monique Verschuren,
Roosmarijn Verstraeten,
César G. Victora,
Lucie Viet,
Eira ViikariJuntura,
Paolo Vineis,
Jesús Vioqué,
Jyrki K. Virtanen,
Sophie VisvikisSiest,
Bharathi Viswanathan,
Tiina Vlasoff,
Péter Vollenweider,
Sari Voutilainen,
Alisha N. Wade,
Aline Wagner,
Janette Walton,
Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar,
Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud,
Rildo S Wanderley,
Ming-Dong Wang,
Qian Wang,
Ya Xing Wang,
Ying-Wei Wang,
S Goya Wannamethee,
Nicholas J. Wareham,
Niels Wedderkopp,
Deepa Weerasekera,
Peter H. Whincup,
Kurt Widhalm,
Indah Suci Widyahening,
Andrzej Więcek,
Alet H. Wijga,
Rainford J Wilks,
Johann Willeit,
Peter Willeit,
Emmanuel Ato Williams,
Tom Wilsgaard,
Bogdan Wojtyniak,
Roy A Wong-McClure,
Justin Y Y Wong,
Tien Yin Wong,
Jean Woo,
Aleksander Giwercman Wu,
Frederick C Wu,
Shouling Wu,
Haiquan Xu,
Weili Yan,
Xiaoguang Yang,
Xingwang Ye,
Panayiotis K Yiallouros,
Akihiro Yoshihara,
Novie O Younger-Coleman,
Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff,
Ahmad Ali Zainuddin,
Sabina Zambon,
Antonis Zampelas,
Tomasz Zdrojewski,
Yi Zeng,
Dong Zhao,
Wenhua Zhao,
Wei Zheng,
Yingfeng Zheng,
Dan Zhu,
Baurzhan Zhussupov,
Esther Zimmermann,
Julio Zúñiga Cisneros
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.406
H-Index - 208
eISSN - 1464-3685
pISSN - 0300-5771
DOI - 10.1093/ije/dyy016
Subject(s) - blood pressure , demography , medicine , population , gerontology , distribution (mathematics) , environmental health , statistics , geography , mathematics , sociology , mathematical analysis
Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure.
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