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Background Mental disorders represent a growing health problem: an estimated 45% of Australians experience a mental disorder in their lifetime. The Western Australian (WA) Burden of Disease study 2015 produced detailed data for sub-populations within the state to inform policy and planning. Using this, we describe the burden of mental, substance use disorders and self-inflicted injuries in the WA Aboriginal population. Methods The study generated estimates for over 200 diseases to create ranked disease-level estimates of burden in the WA Aboriginal population for the first time. Eleven individual conditions in the mental disorders disease group, and suicide and self-inflicted injuries were analysed. Results Mental disorders contributed 18% of Aboriginal male and 16% of Aboriginal female DALYs in WA. Among Aboriginal males, alcohol use disorders ranked 3rd among all diseases (ASR: 33.6 DALYs per 1,000 males). Among Aboriginal females, anxiety disorders ranked 3rd (ASR: 17.3 per 1,000 females). Suicide and self-inflicted injuries ranked 2nd among all diseases among Aboriginal males (ASR: 39.8 DALYs per 1,000 males) and 5th among Aboriginal females (ASR: 10.8 per 1,000 females). Conclusions The study highlighted the high burden of disease from mental disorders and self-inflicted injuries among Aboriginal West Australians: self-inflicted injuries, alcohol use disorders and anxiety disorders ranked in the top 10 of all diseases. Key messages Mental disorders contribute substantially to the disease burden in WA among the Aboriginal residents. The findings can inform health policy and planning around mental health in the Aboriginal population, as well as informing social and liquor licensing policy.

231The West Australian Burden of Disease Study 2015: mental health in Aboriginal West Australians