Genetic polymorphisms of ESR1 and ESR2 that may influence estrogen activity and the risk of hypospadias
Author(s) -
Shinichi Ban,
Fumihiro Sata,
Norie Kurahashi,
Setsuko Kasai,
Kiyoshi Moriya,
Hidehiro Κakizaki,
Katsuya omura,
Reiko Kishi
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
human reproduction
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.446
H-Index - 226
eISSN - 1460-2350
pISSN - 0268-1161
DOI - 10.1093/humrep/den098
Subject(s) - hypospadias , estrogen , estrogen receptor alpha , medicine , endocrinology , estrogen receptor , surgery , cancer , breast cancer
The etiology of hypospadias is regarded as a complex disorder with both genetic and environmental contributions. Although alterations in androgen activity have been associated with hypospadias, few associations with estrogen activity have been documented. Here, we assessed genetic polymorphisms in estrogen receptor genes and their association with hypospadias.
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