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This meta-analysis was intended to evaluate differences in pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in tubal fertility with and without hydrosalpinx. It examined nine published retrospective comparative series and five series published as abstracts for which additional information was obtained. In all, these studies involved 5592 patients (1004 with hydrosalpinx and 4588 with tubal infertility without hydrosalpinx). The main outcome measures were rates of pregnancy, implantation, live delivery, and early pregnancy loss. Pregnancy rates were significantly lower in the presence of hydrosalpinx: 31.2% for the tubal sterility group without hydrosalpinx and 19.7% for the group with hydrosalpinx (odds ratio: 0.64; 95% confidence interval: 0.56, 0.74). Similarly, the implantation rate and the delivery rate per transfer in the hydrosalpinx group were only slightly more than half those of the non-hydrosalpinx group (implantation: 8.5 and 13.7%, respectively; delivery: 13.4 and 23.4%). The incidence of early pregnancy loss was also higher in the hydrosalpinx group (43.7%) than in the control group (31.1%). This meta-analysis makes it clear that hydrosalpinx present during IVF-embryo transfer has negative consequences on the rates of pregnancy, implantation, live delivery, and early pregnancy loss. It would be premature, nonetheless, to conclude that routine salpingectomy should be performed on all patients with hydrosalpinx.

human reproduction

Pregnancy rates after in-vitro fertilization in cases of tubal infertility with and without hydrosalpinx: a meta-analysis of published comparative studies