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A number of genetic methods for the isolation, characterization and manipulation of large chromosomal inversions in Salmonella typhimurium are described. One inversion-carrying mutant is characterized in detail and used to demonstrate a number of unique genetic properties of bacterial inversions. --Contrary to expectation, it was found that large inversion mutations can be repaired by generalized transduction. The repair results from the simultaneous introduction of two wild-type transduced fragments into a single recipient cell. Homologous recombination between the two transduced fragments and the two inversion breakpoints causes the inverted segment to be reinverted. This results in regeneration of the wild-type orientation of this chromosome segment. Similar recombination events allow a large inversion mutation to be introduced into a wild-type strain; two transduced fragments from an inversion strain cause recombination events resulting in inversion of a large chromosome segment. --Genetic methods for mapping the extent of a large inversion mutation by generalized transduction are described and tested. The methods are operationally simple and allow good resolution of the two inversion breakpoints.

GENETIC METHODS FOR ANALYSIS AND MANIPULATION OF INVERSION MUTATIONS IN BACTERIA