Early identification and treatment of PV re-connections: role of observation time and impact on clinical results of atrial fibrillation ablation

Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) has been reported to account for 30% of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after initial ablation, and pulmonary vein (PV) re-connection accounts for about 80% of AF recurrence. There is no information in the literature whether early identification and treatment of acute PV conduction recovery during initial ablation has an impact on subsequent clinical results. The objective is to investigate the prevalence of acute PV conduction recovery during the observation time after PV isolation for paroxysmal AF, and to evaluate the impact of re-isolation treatment on clinical results.