Impact of vitamin D on cardiac structure and function in chronic kidney disease patients with hypovitaminosis D: a randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease (CKD) yet the impact of supplementation is controversial. Previous active vitamin D supplementation studies did not show improvement in cardiac structure or function but the effect of native vitamin D supplementation in CKD patients with low vitamin D levels is unknown. We have addressed this question via both a randomized double-blind prospective study and a meta-analysis of three randomized placebo-controlled studies.