Open AccessEnigma in cardiac hypertrophy
Author(s) -
AnneMarie Lompré
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
cardiovascular research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.774
H-Index - 219
eISSN - 1755-3245
pISSN - 0008-6363
DOI - 10.1093/cvr/cvq094
Subject(s) - pdz domain , subfamily , microbiology and biotechnology , signal transducing adaptor protein , gene isoform , lim domain , protein kinase c , biology , zinc finger , protein family , cytoskeleton , chemistry , kinase , biochemistry , phosphorylation , gene , transcription factor , cell
The Enigma subfamily belongs to the PDZ- (for PSD-95, DLG, ZO-1) and LIM- (for LIN-11, Isl-1, MEC-3) encoding protein family. This family is composed of at least four different members: Enigma (also called PD-LIM7; LMP-1), Enigma homologue (ENH), ZASP/Cypher/Oracle, and LMP-4. All members of the PDZ–LIM Enigma family, including ENH, are cytoplasmic proteins that bind to the cytoskeleton through a direct interaction between their PDZ domain and α-actinin,1 thus localizing the protein to the Z-disk of cardiac myocytes.2 The LIM domain is a cysteine-rich domain, composed of two independent zinc-coordinated fingers, that has been proposed to participate in protein–protein interactions. ENH1 was first identified as an adaptor for protein kinase C (PKC) by using a yeast two-hybrid system. PKC binds to any of the three LIM domains of ENH1 in an isoform-specific manner.3 In neurons, ENH1 recruits PKCe to the N-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel.4 The LIM2 motif of ENH1 has also been shown to bind protein kinase … *Corresponding author. Tel: +33 1 4077 9681; fax: +33 1 4077 9645, Email: anne-marie.lompre{at}upmc.fr