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Climate variability and life history impact stress, thyroid, and immune markers in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) during El Niño conditions
Author(s) -
Eugene J. DeRango,
Katherine C. Prager,
Denise J. Greig,
Amanda W. Hooper,
Daniel E. Crocker
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
conservation physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.942
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2051-1434
DOI - 10.1093/conphys/coz010
Subject(s) - biology , juvenile , zalophus californianus , predation , zoology , chronic stress , stressor , immune system , seasonal breeder , ecology , physiology , endocrinology , sea lion , immunology , neuroscience
Ocean warming events, such as the recent 2015 El Niño in the California current ecosystem, and demanding life stages, such as reproduction, can cause chronic stress in sea lions. We demonstrate that stress hormones are associated with metabolism and immune markers in chronically stressed animals.

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