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We analyzed the nutritional condition and morphological characteristics of wintering Long-billed Murrelets (Brachyramphus perdix) in Japan. These birds were well nourished with an average body mass of 293 g, composed of a mean total body fat of 40.7 g (14%). The fat deposit was equivalent to an average energy reserve of 2.5 days at the estimated energy consumption of 615 kJ day−1 or 2.1 kJ g−1 day−1. Muscle mass consisted mainly of water (73%) and fat-free dry matter (26%), with small amounts of fat. Uropygial glands consisted of 33% fat and 17% fat-free dry matter, with 48% water. Long-billed Murrelets were characterized by large pectoral (26% of fat-free body mass) and small leg muscles (2% of fat-free body mass). We believe that these muscular traits, which contrast with those of alcids breeding at coastal colonies, reflect specific adaptations to inland nesting and long-distance foraging. Condición Nutricional y Características Musculares durante el Período de Invernada de Brachyramphus perdix en Japón Resumen. Analizamos la condición nutricional y características morfológicas durante el período de invernada de Brachyramphus perdix en Japón. Estas aves se encontraron bien alimentadas con una masa corporal promedio de 293 g, compuesta por una media de grasa corporal total de 40.7 g (14%). El depósito de grasa fue equivalente a una reserva energética promedio de 2.5 dias a una tasa de consumo energético estimada en 615 kJ día−1 o 2.1 kJ g−1 día−1. La masa muscular estuvo representada principalmente por agua (73%) y materia seca libre de grasa (26%), con pequeñas cantidades de grasa. Las glándulas uropigiales presentaron 33% de grasa y 17% de materia seca libre de grasa, con un 48% de agua. B. perdix se caracteriza por tener músculos pectorales grandes (26% de la masa corporal libre de grasa) y pequeños músculos en las piernas (2% de la masa corporal libre de grasa). Creemos que estos rasgos musculares, que contrastan con los de aves de la Familia Alcidae que nidifican en colonias en la costa, reflejan adaptaciones específicas para nidificar tierra adentro y forrajear a larga distancia.

Nutritional Condition and Muscular Features of Wintering Long-Billed Murrelets in Japan