Expanding Test and Treat in Correctional Populations: A Key Opportunity to Reduce Racial Disparities in HIV Infection

TO THE EDITOR—Charlebois et al [1] highlight the potential population impact of expanding highly active antiretroviral therapy to all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals in San Francisco, California. In their commentary and response, DeGruttola and Schooley [2] underscore the importance of developing research designs that explore the impacts of “test and treat” interventions at the community level and call for advancing the “test and treat” agenda beyond mathematical models to real-world application. To apply test-and-treat models in community settings, the public health community must develop innovative strategies to identify, link to care, and retain persons from difficult-to-reach populations. This goal will be particularly important for reducing racial disparities in HIV infection in the United States.