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Many surgical techniques are employed in the treatment of obesity. A main consequence of these techniques is the severe improvement of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Many hypotheses had been exposed to know the intrinsic mechanism developed in this relationship. The enterohormones seems to be a definitive effector. The ghrelin is an enterohormone released for the gastric fundus and it has been related to the mentioned improvement. We hypothesized about the role of pancreatic epsilon cells, which have the capacity to release ghrelin during the embryonic stages. We studied the changes in the ghrelin immunostaining in endocrine pancreas of rats which underwent bariatric surgery. MATERIAL AND Method We employed 16 non obese euglycemic male Wistar rats, randomised in the surgical groups. These groups were the surgical techniques (Sleeve gastric –SG- and Roux en Y Gastric Bypass –RYGB-), and two controls (fasting and surgical). After three months, rats were sacrificed; the pancreas were obtained and processed for the immuno-cytochemical technique. Result We reported a significant increase of epsilon cells (ghrelin positive/mm2 pancreatic area) in the pancreas of SG versus the control groups (vs FC, P&amp;lt;0.01 and vs sham, P&amp;lt;0.05). CONCLUSION. SG and RYGB are surgical techniques broadly employed in humans and both reduce severely the fundus. Paradoxically, the serum level of ghrelin in patients are preserved. We reported that the total suppression of the fundus gastric produced the recovery of an embryonic pancreatic function. This mechanism could be related with the complex physiologic mechanism that improve T2DM after bariatric surgery. Take-home message After bariatric surgery, the pancreas release of ghrelin increased as the response to gastric reduction.

O24: THE PANCREATIC EPSILON-CELLS RECOVER THE EMBRYONIC GHRELIN SECRETION IN RESPONSE TO BARIATRIC SURGERY