An accurate and rapid continuous wavelet dynamic time warping algorithm for end-to-end mapping in ultra-long nanopore sequencing

Long-reads, point-of-care and polymerase chain reaction-free are the promises brought by nanopore sequencing. Among various steps in nanopore data analysis, the end-to-end mapping between the raw electrical current signal sequence and the reference expected signal sequence serves as the key building block to signal labeling, and the following signal visualization, variant identification and methylation detection. One of the classic algorithms to solve the signal mapping problem is the dynamic time warping (DTW). However, the ultra-long nanopore sequencing and an order of magnitude difference in the sampling speed complexify the scenario and make the classical DTW infeasible to solve the problem.