Regulation and function of mammalian DNA methylation patterns: a genomic perspective | Zendy

Hao Wu | Zendy; Jianli Tao | Zendy; Y. E. Sun | Zendy

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Regulation and function of mammalian DNA methylation patterns: a genomic perspective

Author(s) -

Hao Wu,

Jianli Tao,

Y. E. Sun

Publication year - 2012

Publication title -

briefings in functional genomics

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.22

H-Index - 67

eISSN - 2041-2647

pISSN - 2041-2649

DOI - 10.1093/bfgp/els011

Subject(s) - biology , dna methylation , epigenetics , rna directed dna methylation , epigenomics , methyltransferase , genetics , dna methyltransferase , genome instability , illumina methylation assay , methylation , cancer epigenetics , dna , gene , dna damage , gene expression

Mammalian DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) establish and maintain genomic DNA methylation patterns that are required for proper epigenetic regulation of gene expression and maintenance of genome stability during normal development. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are implicated in a variety of pathological conditions including cancer and neurological disorders. Rapid advances in genomic technologies have allowed the generation of high resolution whole-genome views of DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferase occupancy in pluripotent stem cells and differentiated somatic cells. Furthermore, recent identification of oxidation derivatives of cytosine methylation in mammalian DNA raises the possibility that DNA methylation patterns are more dynamic than previously anticipated. Here, we review the recent progress in our understanding of the genomic function and regulatory mechanisms of mammalian DNA methylation.

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