Open AccessGrooming among female Japanese macaques: distinguishing between reciprocation and interchange
Author(s) -
Gabriele Schino
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
behavioral ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.162
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1465-7279
pISSN - 1045-2249
DOI - 10.1093/beheco/arg070
Subject(s) - social grooming , biology , reciprocal , duration (music) , rank (graph theory) , social psychology , zoology , psychology , mathematics , combinatorics , art , philosophy , linguistics , literature
Grooming among female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) was studied to test some predictions derived from the application of biological market theory. Contrary to expectations, Japanese macaques did not time match the duration of grooming episodes, their degree of reciprocation was not related to rank distance, and they did not distribute their immediately reciprocated and nonreciprocated grooming in different ways. However, they did reciprocate total amount of grooming received. These results suggest that the use of the temporal patterning of grooming (immediately reciprocated versus nonreciprocated grooming) to distinguish the different classes of traders predicted by the theory (reciprocal versus interchange traders) is unsuccessful. Copyright 2003.biological market theory; grooming; macaques; reciprocation